The dominant ideology of the People's Republic of China and migrant labor's citizenships have three stages along with modernization, specifically embodying the administrating city-countryside separately under the totalism(1949-1977), migrant labor politics serving for developmentalism (1978-2001) and balancing urban and rural development by including migrant labor with limits for stability(2002-present). Hundreds of millions of peasants and migrant labor experienced several twists and turns at their social status and personal condition. This course presents how state regime decided individual's life, and reflects the dynamic mechanism of the transformation of ruling philosophy.