This paper investigates and studies the process of establishing, reorganizing and merging of the trade union of Zhalainuoer coal mine in the 1946-1948, and puts it under the analysis frame of the interaction between the state and society, and finds that the trade union has typical characteristics of the structure of the corporation in this special period. The trade union organization and its activities have the intermediary and the coordination function between the local government and the grass-roots society as well as the governments and the workers, so that the grass-roots society with the coal miners and the family members as the main body has the effect of social governance, social security and social mobilization, and has far-reaching influence on the transition.