Peoping-Hankou railroad workers started to launch the anti-Japanese activities since the beginning of the September 18th Incident in the year of 1938. These activities ran through the whole three-stage period of the Anti-Japanese War. The anti-Japanese activities were consisted of both military attack on Japanese soldiers and refugee reliefs and maintaining work of social stability in the Rear Area. During this period, the cooperation and confrontation between Kuomintang and the Communist Party of China and the impacts of the two parties’ relations on workers’ activities were shown in the anti-Japanese activities of railroad workers