In the period of enterprise transformation and upgrading, conflicts and contradictions of labor relations between labor and management are on the increase. Based on a survey of 162 manufacturing enterprises from the National Harmonious Labor Relations at the Comprehensive Experimental Zone in Shunde District, Guangdong Province, this paper identified six key factors affecting the harmonious labor relations, such as the labor contract, salary level, complaints acceptance of enterprises, safety protection, complaints acceptance of labor administrative departments, and the working environment. Specific suggestions, thus, have been proposed such as improving the quality of labor contracts, further improving employees' working environment and raising their salary level, which is of practical significance on understanding and dealing with harmonious labor relations in the new era.