The current study, based on the institutional theory and by employing multilevel generalized linear regression model, analyses protection effects of labor contract law and its mechanism on workers’ labor remuneration rights and interests. The result of the study reveals that implementation of the labor contract law significantly reduces the possibility of workers' wages and overtime pay in arrears. In addition, the impacts of different education levels and the household registration status on the possibility of workers' overtime pay in rears are associated with the employment rate in provinces where the workers are employed and the cross-layer regulation of the organization's maturity. To put it another way, there is a significant difference in the possibility of overtime pay in arrears among workers of different educational levels in provinces where the employment rate is low. This is also true in areas of low-maturity organizations.