At present, a great disparity has been made between the increasing issues brought about by overwork whilst relatively, few relevant systems and measures in our country prevent overwork. To alleviate the current situation of overwork, it is of particular importance to explore its formation mechanism. This study, using the game theory, analyzes the formation mechanism of overwork from the compulsory and induced overwork, and outlines their respective influence factors. In addition, suggestions have been made as follows: 1) To increase illegal costs by perfecting labor supervision legislation; 2) to give full play to the role of trade unions in the formulation of wage and incentive systems by constructing the measuring mechanism of moderate labor and improving the human resources management system; and 3) to prevent "death from overwork" by adopting scientific measures.