This study, based on the dynamic survey data of the floating population in 2013, analyzes the impacts of government training on the overwork of migrant workers. The results show that the issue of migrant workers' overwork is serious, while the government training assists to reduce its probability, which can be realized by raising migrant workers' wages and increasing male migrant workers' employment opportunities as well. The government training also assists to greatly reduce the degree of migrant workers' overwork, in particular, for those severely overworked ones. Therefore, the government departments, on the one hand, should increase the number of training for the migrant workers, in addition to more specialized training for female migrant workers. On the other hand, a more preferential training policy should be adopted to provide training opportunities and reduce the severely overworked workers.