Since the implementation of the Belt and Road Initiative, an important problem that Chinese enterprises have to face in labor relations is how to well cooperate with local trade unions in countries along the Belt and Road route. Trade unions in the above countries have distinct characteristics and much differences as well. The Central and Eastern European countries have a high rate of trade unions organizations and collective bargaining coverage, while the organization rate of trade unions in Southeast Asian countries is relatively low, but their strength of organization is very strong. Moreover, trade unions and other non-governmental organizations have different strengths and relationships. Trade unions organizations in Central and Eastern Europe are strong and employers' associations are strong as well. In contrast, trade unions organizations in West Asia and North Africa are weak, however, the non-governmental organizations in these countries perform some functions of the trade unions. Therefore, we should improve the cooperation capability between Chinese-funded enterprises and trade unions in the above countries in the following aspects: to abide by the relevant legal systems of trade unions, to enhance the understanding of the importance of building harmonious labor relations, to find the appropriate cooperation mode with the trade unions in the host countries, and to avoid simple transplantation, etc.