超越“劳动二分法”:平台用工法律调整的基本立场
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Beyond the "Labor Dichotomy": A Study of the Basic Stand of the Platform's Employment Law Adjustment
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    摘要:

    平台用工是一个宽泛的概念,具有劳动法讨论意义的是组织型平台,包括基于劳动合同的模式 和非基于劳动合同的模式,后者是法律关系定性争论的对象。此种非基于劳动合同的平台用工模式不同于常规 劳动关系,在劳动过程中同时存在一定程度的平台控制与劳务提供者自主,不符合现有从属性标准,不成立劳 动关系,在现行法中属于民事非典型合同中的混合合同。此种平台用工在当前“从属性劳动一独立性劳动”构 成的“劳动二分法”框架下不能实现有效调整,给予劳务提供者的权益保障不足。问题的成因在于劳务提供者 的学理定位是“类雇员”,此种平台用工的本质是承揽合同社会化,属于“劳动二分法”下的制度空白地带。 因此,应根据此种平台用工中劳务提供者的社会保护必要性,构建介于民法与劳动法之间的“类廂员”规范体系, 推动法律对社会劳务给付的调整框架从“劳动二分法”向“劳动三分法”转型。

    Abstract:

    Platform employment is a broad concept.What is meaningful in the discussion of labor law is an organizational platform,including a model based on labor contracts and one on non-labor contracts.The latter is the object of qualitative disputes in legal relations.However,this non- labor contract-based platform employment model differs itself from conventional labor relations.There is a certain degree of platform control and labor provider autonomy in the labor process.It does not mect the existing subordination standards,as the labor relationship is not established.It is classified into the mixed contract in civil atypical contracts in the current law.This platform employment cannot be effectively adjusted under the framework of the "labor dichotomy"constituted by the current subordinate labor-independent labor",as the rights and interests of labor providers are insufficiently protected.The cause of the problem lies in the academic positioning of labor service providers as 'class employees",whilst the nature of such platform employment is the socialization of the contruct,which belongs to the blank area of the system under the "labor dichotomy". Therefore,in accordance with the necessity of social protection for labor providers in the employment of such platforms,a normative system of employees"between civil law and labor law should be constructed to promote the transition of the legal framework for adjusting social labor payment from the"labor dichotomy"to the"tripartite aw of labor".

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王天玉.超越“劳动二分法”:平台用工法律调整的基本立场[J].中国劳动关系学院,2020,34(4):66-82.

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  • 在线发布日期: 2023-09-01
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