With the rapid development of the platform economy and sharing economy, various new employment forms, in recent years, have continuously emerged, creating a large number of employment opportunities. At the same time, the protection of labor rights and interests of relevant practitioners, in particular their social insurance has become increasingly prominent. However, due to various reasons such as restrictions on labor relations, imperfect laws and regulations, lack of access to rights, the study found that this group not only has a relatively low proportion of participating in basic pension and medical insurance, but also a significantly lower proportion of participating in urban employee pension and medical insurance. Moreover, most of them have not participated in work-related injury insurance, bringing great hidden dangers to our social development. Hence, to promote the participation of urban employees in social insurance for new employment forms, the following measures should be adopted: to adjust the existing labor relations recognition model, strengthen the top-level legal design, promote platform companies actively fulfilling their social responsibilities, and give foil play to the role of trade unions organizations.