The labor-management relationship becomes a normal phenomenon in the modern economy, and it has not gradually weakened over time. It is probably related to the considerable improvement of the labor-management relationship in the evolution. Reviewing and analyzing the evolution of labor-management relations over the past centuries, the study fi nds that striving for labor rights and protecting them usually present two ways of radical and gradual evolutionary processes. From the perspective of evolution, the current study claims that striving for labor rights and protecting them are mainly gradual and progressive. Labor organizations, progressive forces and legal systems are the main driving factors, whilst the role of legal systems is becoming increasingly important. After general social issues, such as social consultation, labor participation, and occupational safety, etc., having been basically resolved, the focus of labor rights protection has turned to the protection of the rights and interests of disadvantaged labor groups, especially disabled workers, part-time workers and dispatched workers.