By summarizing the "Chinese practice" of the century-old CPC-led labor relations governance to promote economic rise and social stability, extracting the "Chinese wisdom" of the century-old CPC's establishment of the labor relation system with Chinese characteristics, and summing up the "Chinese path" of the century-old CPC-led governance of labor relations with Chinese characteristics, it is possible to better verify the original aspiration and mission of the CPC to seek happiness for the Chinese people. Based on the perspective of complex system, the current study reviews the iteration and upgrading of the century-old labor relations system under the leadership of the CPC. The study concludes that the CPC's leadership over the governance of labor relations is determined by its advanced nature as a pioneering team of the working class; the labor relations system under the leadership of the CPC is a system of pioneering innovation and progress with the times, and a system of coordinating contradictions and seeking the greatest consensus; and the CPC's leadership over the governance of labor relations is realized by constantly revealing the structure of the labor relation system, and then understanding the system's mode of existence, functional characteristics, and the law of movement.