In the context of implementing the new urbanization strategy and actively responding to the aging society, exploring the employment status of the elderly floating population and comprehensively improving their employment quality are becoming an urgent task to promote high-quality development in the period of socio-economic transformation. Employing the 2017 national monitoring data on China Migrants Dynamic Survey, the current study examines the employment status of the elderly fl oating population in terms of their occupational types, nature of the unit and industry distribution, and analyzes the infl uential factors of their employment quality index. The study fi nds that the employment of the elderly fl oating population shows characteristics of low level of occupation, low income, long working hours, and poor working environment, etc.; the employment quality index of the elderly fl oating population is lower than that of the working-age fl oating population, and it is noted that there are differences within the group; the increase of educational experience, social participation and non-agricultural household registration have a positive impact on the employment quality of the elderly fl oating population. In addition, there are differences in the impact on the employment quality of the employed and self-employed elderly fl oating population. The researchers propose that in order to improve construction of the employment service system for the elderly, it is necessary to provide them with employment training, comprehensively empower them, and assist them in fi nding jobs, so as to improve their employment situation and employment quality.