Labor relations are not only a signifi cant theoretical issue that needs to be explored in the new industrialization and industrial upgrading, but also a major practical issue that needs to be resolved in the sharing of development under the guidance of the new development concept. The significance of studying issues of harmonious labor relations, government intervention in labor relations adjustment, the history of labor relations governance in China, and the role of the government in the construction of harmonious labor relations, etc. is to provide references for the construction of harmonious labor relations in the new era. The study suggests that, starting from the reality of promoting China's economic transformation, learning from the experience of market economy countries, and drawing lessons from foreign labor-capital conflicts, deeply understanding and grasping the development patterns of labor relations in the new era is the key for China to explore and develop harmonious labor relations. The study of labor relations, thus, should be based on the national conditions, deepening from practice to theory, and returning theory to practice, rationally and objectively analyzing the fundamental issues that need to be resolved in labor practice, so as to make signifi cant contributions to set up harmonious labor relations in China.