Employment has always been a global issue. This study, based on the development trend of human social economy, proposes the concept of non-full employment new normal, i.e., while the continuous development of automation and intelligence in economic and social production has increased labor productivity, only a portion of social members need to be employed to ensure that all members can obtain sufficient living materials. The study posits that the mechanization and automation of the current social production process in substitution of physical labor, the substitution of artificial intelligence technology for mental labor, and the universal reduction of working hours in developed countries and regions are all manifestations of the transition to the new normal of non-full employment. This study, by analyzing the income distribution under the new normal of non-full employment, especially focusing on discussing the income distribution of R & D personnel and entrepreneurs, points out that the government needs to achieve income distribution balance through transfer payments under the new normal of non-full employment. It is suggested that future economic research should focus on income distribution under the new normal of non-full employment, adjusting economic policies in a timely manner, further looking into the natural unemployment rate, and re-examining the crisis brought about by aging.