With the adjustment of China's population and birth policies, women of child-bearing age face the conflict between labor supply and family care, while enrollment of children in childcare institutions, as one of the ways to alleviate the pressure of childcare, has drawn increasing attention from society. Based on the data of survey from eight districts (cities, counties) in Chengdu, this study analyzes the impact mechanism of enrollment of infants and toddlers aged 0 to 3 in childcare on women's labor income. The results show that child enrollment, compared to women whose children are not enrolled in daycare, can significantly increase women's labor income. The impact of enrollment of infants and toddlers on women's labor income is more significant in non-mobile families, high-educated families, and families with healthy grandparents. The enrollment of infants and toddlers affects women's labor income by influencing their labor participation and care time. To increase women's labor income, the study suggests that policy support for the childcare service market should be further strengthened, family care support policies should be improved, and family childcare needs should be accurately matched.