我国青年就业政策演变历程、现状特征和对策建议
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The Evolution, Current Situation and Countermeasures of Youth Employment Policy in China
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    摘要:

    青年就业关系民生福祉、经济发展和国家未来。为促进高校毕业生等青年群体就业,近年来国家出台了一系列支持政策,但面对复杂严峻的就业形势,青年劳动参与率持续走低、失业率持续上升。青年就业政策也存在一些短板,包括支持政策碎片化、申请门槛高、申请程序复杂,强制实习、延长毕业生身份等阻碍青年就业的制度有待破解,青年技能水平与产业需求不相适应,高校就业指导服务模式单一、力量薄弱,部分面向青年群体的政策性岗位吸纳就业作用有限。为切实提高青年就业率,研究认为,应深入实施就业优先战略,坚持系统思维、综合施策,充分发挥有为政府和有效市场作用,统筹整合青年就业政策体系,拓宽就业渠道,多举措提升青年技能水平,优化青年服务保障,着力缓解就业结构性矛盾,以青年人口的高质量就业支撑现代人口的高质量发展。

    Abstract:

    Youth employment is closely related to the well-being of the populace, economic development, and the future of the nation. To promote the employment of youth groups such as college graduates, the government has introduced a variety of support policies in recent years. However, faced with a complex and severe employment situation, the participation rate of youth labor force continues to decline, whilst the unemployment rate continues to rise. There are also shortcomings in youth employment policies, including fragmented support policies, high application thresholds, complex application procedures and institutional barriers such as mandatory internships and extended graduate status hindering youth employment. In addition, the mismatch between skill levels of youth and industry demand, along with a single, weak model of career guidance services in colleges, limits the impact of policy- oriented jobs designated for youth on their employment. To effectively increase the employment rate of youth, it is recommended to implement an employment-first strategy, adhere to systematic thinking and comprehensive measures, fully leverage the proactive role of the government and the effective role of the market, integrate the youth employment policy framework, broaden employment channels, enhance the skill levels of youth through multiple initiatives, optimize youth service and protection systems, and focus on alleviating structural employment conflicts to support high-quality population development with high-quality youth employment.

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范宪伟,赵一凡.我国青年就业政策演变历程、现状特征和对策建议[J].中国劳动关系学院,2024,(6):112-120.

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  • 在线发布日期: 2024-12-09
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