Upholding the leadership of the proletarian party over the workers' movement and trade union work is a fundamental principle of Marxist trade union theory. The long history of the Chinese Communist Party leading the Chinese workers' movement and trade union work for over a century demonstrates the profound theoretical logic and historical logic of this leadership. Marx and Engels repeatedly emphasized the importance of the proletarian party's leadership in the workers' movement, while Lenin highlighted that the trade union is a "transmission device " between the proletarian party and the working masses during the socialist revolution and construction. The Party 's leadership is an inevitable result of the integration of Marxism with the Chinese workers' movement. From the period of the New Democratic Revolution to the period of the Socialist Revolution and Construction, then to the period of Reform and Opening-up and Socialist Modernization, and on to the New Era of Chinese Socialism, the workers' movement and trade union work in China have always focused on the central tasks of the Party and the State. It is suggested in the study that in the new era, the Party's leadership over the workers' movement and the trade union work should be upheld, with the emphasis on enhancing the theoretical cultivation of trade union cadres and workers, and reinforcing their political responsibilities; the trade union work must always revolve around the Party's central tasks, grasping the theme and direction; deepen the reform of industrial workforce construction to provide talent support and technical backing for high-quality development; and stand fi rm on the workers' position, practicing the mass line.