With the growth of the platform economy, the workforce engaged in new forms of employment continues to expand. However, the uniqueness of their labor models has intensifi ed contradictions within the current social insurance system—particularly regarding the boundaries of corporate responsibilities—leading to critical issues such as ambiguous social insurance liability defi nitions. This study reviews existing legal policies on social insurance for workers in new forms of employment and identifi es three major challenges: employment status determination, dilemmas in defining employers' social insurance obligations, and insufficient institutional adaptability. Drawing on regional practices and the JD.com cases, we propose establishing a "four-party collaborative framework" involving multiple stakeholders to address current social insurance challenges faced by these workers.